Development and Validation of Instrument to Measure Knowledge, Attitude, and Practice of Smoking in Students
Pengembangan dan Validasi Instrumen untuk Mengukur Pengetahuan, Sikap, dan Perilaku Merokok pada Mahasiswa
DOI:
https://doi.org/10.53342/pharmasci.v10i1.493Keywords:
quit smoking, , questionnaire, , pharmacist, , motivation,Abstract
Quit smoking is very important to reduce morbidity and mortality caused by smoking. The purpose of this study was to develop a new tool to measure the knowledge, attitude, and practice of smoking in students, their motivations, and opinions on smoking cessation by pharmacists. This study was conducted in two phases, instrument development and judgmental evidence. A panel of 3 experts (psychologist, pharmacist, student smoker) was used to validate the instrument through quantitative measures. Whereas 30 respondents were used to justify the reliability of the questionnaire. The instrument consists of 5 domains and 53 questions. The 5 domains are: 1) knowledge; 2) attitude; 3) practice; 4) motivation of quitting smoking; 5) opinion on the help of pharmacist to quit smoking. The developed tool showed high content validity of individual items (I-CVI range: 0.50 to 1.00) and high overall content validity (S-CVI/UA?=?0.96; S-CVI/Ave?=?0.98), the relevance of items was good (Kappa: 1), and clear (Clarity: 2.93). The tool was deemed reliable with Cronbach alpha for each domains of knowledge, attitude, practice, motivation, and opinion were 0.76; 0.76; 0.79; 0.83; and 0.79 respectively. It can be concluded that the instrument demonstrated high item-content.
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24. Rodrigues I.B., Adachi J.D., Beattie K.A. and MacDermid J.C., 2017, Development and validation of a new tool to measure the facilitators, barriers and preferences to exercise in people with osteoporosis, BMC Musculoskeletal Disorders, 18 (1), 1–9.
25. Anggraini D., Khumaedi M. and Widowati T., 2020, Validity and Reliability Contents of Independence Assessment Instruments of Basic Beauty Students for Class X SMK, 9 (1), 40–46.
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2. World Health Organization, 2020, Hari Tanpa Tembakau Sedunia 2020, Terdapat di: https://www.who.int/indonesia/news/detail/30-05-2020-pernyataan-hari-tanpa-tembakau-sedunia-2020
3. Badan Pusat Statistik, 2022, Persentase Merokok Pada Penduduk Umur ? 15 Tahun Menurut Kelompok Umur (Persen), 2019-2021, Badan Pusat Statistik, Jakarta.
4. Badan Pusat Statistik, 2020, Persentase Penduduk Usia 15 Tahun Ke Atas yang Merokok dalamSebulan Terakhir Menurut Kabupaten/Kota dan Kelompok Umur di Provinsi Jawa Tengah 2019, Badan Pusat Statistik Povinsi Jawa Tengah, Jawa Tengah.
5. Sairo B.B., Wiyono J. and W R.C.A., 2017, Hubungan Pengetahuan Tentang Bahaya Merokok dengan Mengkonsumsi Rokok Pada Mahasiswa (IKAWASBA) di Tlogomas Kota Malang, Nursing News, 2 (2), 595–606.
6. Latif Z., Jamshed J. and Khan M.M., 2017, Knowledge, attitude and practice of cigarette smoking among university students in Muzaffarabad, Pakistan: a cross-sectional study, International Journal of Scientific Reports, 3 (9), 240.
7. Wijayanti E., Dewi C. and Rifqatussa’adah R., 2017, Faktor-faktor yang Berhubungan dengan Perilaku Merokok pada Remaja Kampung Bojong Rawalele, Jatimakmur, Bekasi, Global Medical & Health Communication (GMHC), 5 (3), 194.
8. Al-Shami A.M., Elsayed T.M., Elkalmi R.M., Jamshed S.Q., Dyab E.A., Siddiqui M.J. and Nahas A.R.M.F., 2018, Knowledge, attitude and practice of smoking among pharmacy students: Findings from a public university, Journal of Clinical and Diagnostic Research, 12 (12), LC06–LC09.
9. Woelandari A.S., 2020, Pengaruh Peer Pressure terhadap Motivasi Berhenti Merokok pada Remaja, Cognicia, 8 (1), 142–156. Terdapat di: http://ejournal.umm.ac.id/index.php/cognicia.
10. Rios L.E. and Freire M. do C.M., 2020, Opinião de escolares adolescentes fumantes sobre aconselhamento e tratamento para cessação do tabagismo em serviços de saúde: estudo transversal, Goiás, 2018, Epidemiologia e servicos de saude?: revista do Sistema Unico de Saude do Brasil, 29 (4), e2019604.
11. Qamar M., Ahmad S., Poobalan K., Shaikh F.A. and Hammad M.A., 2018, Smoking cessation counseling: Perceptions and barriers among community pharmacists, Unity in Diversity and the Standardisation of Clinical Pharmacy Services, (November), 233–239.
12. Awopeju OF, Erhabor G., Awosusi B., Awopeju OA, Adewole O. and Irabor I., 2013, Smoking prevalence and attitudes regarding its control among health professional students in South-Western Nigeria, Annals of Medical and Health Sciences Research, 3 (3), 355.
13. Siswati S., Sarniatnto P, and Andayani N., 2021, Pengetahuan Edukasi Apoteker Terhadap Tahap Berhenti Merokok pada Mahasiswa Perokok Aktif Tahap Contemplation, Majalah Farmasetik, 17 (1), 132.
14. Stein KF, Sargent JT, Rafaels N. Intervention research. Establishing Fidelity of the independent variable in nursing clinical trails. Nurs Res. 2007;56(1):54–62.
15. Armstrong TS, Cohen MZ, Eriksen L, Cleeland C. Content validity of self-report measurement instruments: an illustration from the development of the brain tumor module of the M.D. Anderson symptom inventory. Oncol Nurs Forum. 2005;32(3):669–676.
16. Zamanzadeh V, Ghahramanian A, Rassouli M, Abbaszadeh A, Alavi- H. Design and implementation content validity Study : development of an instrument for measuring patient-centered communication. J Caring Sci. 2015;4(5):165–178.
17. Stone DH. Design a questionnaire. BMJ. 1993;307(6914):1264–1266.
18. Collins D. Pretest survey instruents: an overview of cognitive methods. Qual Life Res. 2003;12(3):229–238.
19. Saw SM, Ng TP. The design and assessment of questionnaires in clinical research. Singap Med J. 2001;42(3):131–135.
20. Carmines, E. G., & Zeller, R. A. (1979). Reliability and validity assessment (Vol. 17). Sage publications.
21. A.Wynd C, Schmidt B, Schaefer MA. (2003). Two quantitative approaches for estimating content validity. West J Nurs Res 25(5):508–518.
22. Suharso, Puguh, 2012, Metode Penelitian Kuantitatif Untuk Bisnis: Pendekatan Filosofi Dan Praktis, Jakarta: PT. Indeks
23. Sugiyono, 2017, Metode Penelitian Kuantitatif, Kualitatif, dan R&D, Bandung : Alfabeta, CV.
24. Rodrigues I.B., Adachi J.D., Beattie K.A. and MacDermid J.C., 2017, Development and validation of a new tool to measure the facilitators, barriers and preferences to exercise in people with osteoporosis, BMC Musculoskeletal Disorders, 18 (1), 1–9.
25. Anggraini D., Khumaedi M. and Widowati T., 2020, Validity and Reliability Contents of Independence Assessment Instruments of Basic Beauty Students for Class X SMK, 9 (1), 40–46.
26. Lawshe C.H., 1975, a Quantitative Approach To Content Validity, Personnel Psychology, 28 (4), 563–575.
27. Yamada J, Stevens B, Sidani S, Watt-Watson J, De Silva N. Content validity of a process evaluation checklist to measure intervention implementation fidelity of the EPIC intervention. Worldviews Evidence-Based Nurs. 2010;7(3):158–164
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2025-01-09
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Copyright (c) 2025 Zakky Cholisoh, Annisa Vita Nugraheni, Defana Rizki Irfanda
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Development and Validation of Instrument to Measure Knowledge, Attitude, and Practice of Smoking in Students: Pengembangan dan Validasi Instrumen untuk Mengukur Pengetahuan, Sikap, dan Perilaku Merokok pada Mahasiswa. (2025). Journal Pharmasci (Journal of Pharmacy and Science), 10(1), 51-56. https://doi.org/10.53342/pharmasci.v10i1.493
