Identification of Bioactive Compounds and Antioxidant Activity Test of Ethanol and Chloroform Extracts of Olive Leaves(Olea europaea)
Identifikasi Senyawa Bioaktif dan Uji Aktivitas Antioksidan Ekstrak Etanol dan Kloroform Daun Zaitun (Olea europaea)
DOI:
https://doi.org/10.53342/pharmasci.v10i2.524Keywords:
Antioxidant,, bioactive compound,, chloroform, , ethanol,, Olea europaea,, secondary metabolite,Abstract
The objective of this study is to identify the classes of bioactive compounds present in the ethanol and chloroform extracts of olive leaves (Olea europaea), to determine the specific bioactive compounds found in the chloroform and ethanol extracts of olive leaves, and to measure the IC50 values of the ethanol and chloroform extracts of olive leaves. Olive leaves was extracted with ethanol and chloroform solvents using the maceration method. Secondary metabolite groups was studied using a phytochemical screening test. The content of bioactive compounds in ethanol and chloroform extracts of olive leaves was tested using a Gas Chromatography-Mass Spectrometry (GC-MS) test. An antioxidant activity test was performed using the DPPH (2,2-diphenyl-1-picrylhydrazyl) method with silymarin as a comparator. The results obtained showed that the ethanol extract of olive leaves contained secondary metabolites of flavonoids, alkaloids, terpenoids, steroids, and saponins with bioactive compounds detected in the GC-MS test, namely benzoic acid, neophytadiene, and pyrrolidine. The chloroform extract of olive leaves is capable of binding to groups of compounds such as alkaloids, terpenoids, and steroids, with neophytadiene identified as an active compound. The results of antioxidant activity tests showed that the IC50 values of the ethanol extract, chloroform extract, and silymarin were 41.9 ppm (very strong), 119.7 ppm (moderate), and 25.9 ppm (very strong), respectively. The ethanol extract demonstrated the highest effectiveness in binding compounds and groups of secondary metabolites, and exhibited very strong antioxidant activity.
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